The recent National Mental Health Survey of India-2016 has brought to the fore the high prevalence of mental disorders in India. The multi-centred study conducted across 12 states on people above 18 years has revealed that mental diseases are a big cause of disability in India.
As per Global Burden of Disease report, mental disorders account for 13 % of years lived with disability, with depression being the leading cause.
The study revealed that one in every 20 Indians is suffering from some degree of depression. Depression was found to be more prevalent in women in the age-group of 40-49 years, especially those living in urban metros. Elderly too are equally vulnerable to depression (3.5%). People living alone, bachelors, separated from their spouse, and widows are more depressed than those living with families.
Another major reason for high prevalence of mental diseases, the study pointed out, is the growing awareness in society. Sedentary lifestyles and junk food are also a major cause of depression. It is also leading to more anxiety-related disorders, alcoholism, suicides, behavioural issues, drug abuse, and sleep disorders.
Majority of mental disorders in India are due to use of tobacco, alcohol and other psychotic substances. Stress-related mental illnesses are also quite high, especially among urban population. The prevalence of schizophrenia and other psychosis (0.64%), mood disorders (5.6%) and neurotic or stress related disorders (6.93%) was nearly 2-3 times more in metros.
In India, people suffering from mental disorders face discrimination and marginalisation. Mental disorders have a high economic impact due to the nature, duration, and impact of illness affecting growth, productivity and the earning potentials of individuals.
There is lack of awareness, availability, accessibility and affordability as far as healthcare for people suffering from mental disorders are concerned.
